For proper environmental protection, Marine Protected Areas are divided into three distinct zones with varying degrees of protection, which, while not providing an absolute limit to traditional sea-related activities, regulate their conduct according to different conservation needs.
The Capo Carbonara Marine Protected Area has introduced a fourth zone; zone D is a new zone known as the “Experimental Reserve”, consisting of a buffer strip two miles wide. The intention is to ensure maximum protection of the areas of greatest environmental value that fall within the integral reserve zones (zone A), applying the constraints established by law. With zones B, C and D, the intention is to ensure a gradual protection by combining the conservation of environmental values with the sustainable use and enjoyment of the marine environment.
The four types of zones are delimited by geographical coordinates and shown on the map annexed to the Decree of Establishment published in the Official Gazette. In addition, the limits of zones A are marked by buoys at sea and by posts on land, coloured yellow, equipped with a night flashing light.
- Zone A, an integral reserve, forbidden to all activities that could damage or disturb the marine environment. Zone A is the real heart of the reserve. In this zone, identified in small areas, only scientific research and authorised service activities are generally permitted.
- Zone B, a general reserve zone, a series of activities are permitted and regulated by the management body, which, while permitting enjoyment of the environment, affect it with the least possible impact.
- Zone C, a partial reserve, is where activities for the enjoyment and sustainable use of the sea with a low environmental impact are permitted and regulated by the management body. This zone represents the buffer strip between the areas of greatest naturalistic value and the sectors outside the marine protected area.
- Zone D, of Experimental Reserve, extends the distance from the coast by two miles, constitutes an additional buffer strip and adds an important element of protection.
